Analysis of Trans-Papua Logistics and Its Impact on Price Disparities in the Papua Highlands Region from the Perspective of Vehicle Operating Costs

Abstract

This study analyzes the logistics system along the Trans-Papua corridor, focusing on the Jayapura–Wamena route, to assess its impact on regional price disparities in the Papua Highlands. The research examines the Vehicle Operating Costs (VOC) of two primary transport modes—Dump Trucks and Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) vehicles—under different operational conditions, namely with and without return loads. Using a qualitative approach complemented by quantitative calculations based on the Decree of the Director General of Land Transportation No. SK.687/AJ.206/DRJD/2002, data were collected through field observations, structured interviews, and questionnaires involving 30 respondents. The findings reveal that VOCs for Dump Trucks and 4WDs vary depending on load conditions, with averages of Rp 625,737.69/km and Rp 747,802.52/km without return loads, and Rp 656,506.92/km and Rp 848,782.91/km with return loads, respectively. The ideal tariff is determined at Rp 9,000 per kg for Dump Trucks and Rp 7,000–Rp 8,000 per kg for 4WDs. The study further identifies an imbalance between the existing vehicle fleet and optimal operational needs, leading to inefficiencies and higher logistics costs. Policy implications include the need for integrated coordination among government institutions, the optimization of fleet management, and the introduction of incentives to reduce transportation costs. Strengthening logistics governance along the Trans-Papua network is essential to enhance cost efficiency and mitigate regional price disparities in the Papua Highlands.